Hans Geuns' Basic Shogi Vocabulary

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General Terms
Tsume Shogi
Moves and movements
1. Moves
2. Movements
Strategy and tactics
Position and development
1. Position
2. Development
Attack and defence
1. Attack
2. Defence
Analysis
Psychology
1. Feelings
2. Thoughts
Professional Shogi
Shogi proverbs

Index

©1995 Copyright Hans Geuns.
You are free to copy, print and distribute these files if and only if the copyright notice and *this* permission notice is distributed with all copies.
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Abbreviations

hon.	honorary
iv	intransitive verb
iv:tv	verb pair, the first verb intransitive, the second transitive
Jap.	Japanese
JSF	Japan Shogi Federation
lit.	literally
n	noun
obs.	obsolete
opp.	opposite
p.	page; piece
posth.	posthumous
v	verb
ZK	Shoogi Zukoo, problem number --
(-)	dummy verb "suru" can be added

1) General Terms

1.1) Shogi and Shogi variants

将棋	shoogi	Shogi; game; style
象戯	shoogi	Shogi (old way of writing this word)
将棋を指す	shoogi o sasu	play Shogi
将棋道	shoogidoo	the Way of Shogi
将棋道場	shoogidoojoo	Shogi playing hall
将棋の日	shoogi no hi	Shogi day (November 17th)
中将棋	chuu shoogi	Middle Shogi (12x12 board, 92 pieces)
大将棋	dai shoogi	Great Shogi (15x15 board, 130 pieces)
大大将棋	dai-dai shoogi	Great-Great Shogi (17x17 board, 92 pieces)
マカ大大将棋	maka dai-dai shoogi	Ultra-Great-Great Shogi (19x19 board, 192 pieces)
太将棋	tai shoogi	Grand Shogi (25x25 board, 354 pieces; the biggest existing chesstype game)
鳥将棋	tori shoogi	Tori (Bird) Shogi (7x7 board, 32 pieces)
天竺将棋	tenjiku shoogi	Tenjiku (Indian) Shogi (16x16 board, 156 pieces)
早指し将棋	hayasashishoogi	quick Shogi
超早指し将棋	choosoosashishoogi	lightning Shogi
リレー将棋	riree shoogi	relay Shogi (4 players)
ついたて将棋	tsuitate shoogi	screen Shogi (blind Shogi)
通信将棋	tsuushin shoogi	postal Shogi
棋界	kikai	the Shogi world
棋士	kishi	Shogi player (pro)
棋敵	kiteki	opponent
棋譜	kifu	game record
棋風	kifuu	Shogi style
棋力	kiryoku	Shogi strength
棋理	kiri	Shogi theory
アマ, アマチュア	ama, amachua	amateur
プロ, プロフェシォナル	puro, purofeshonaru	pro, professional
初心者	shoshinsha	beginner
初級者	shokyuusha	beginning kyu player
有段者	yuudansha	dan player
一級~九級	ikkyuu-kyuukyuu	1st-9th kyu (player) (lower grades)
初段~九段	shodan-kudan	1st-9th dan (player) (higher grades)

1.2) Playing equipment

1.2.1) Shogi set and other utensils

棋具	kigu	playing equipment
将棋盤セット	shoogiban setto	the Shogi board and set
盤	ban	board
駒	koma	piece(s)
駒台	komadai	stand
駒袋	komafukuro	bag for pieces
駒箱	komahako	box for pieces
脇息	kyoosoku	armrest
桐蓋	kiributa	paulownia cover (for big board)
時計	tokei	clock
チェスクロック	chesu-kurokku	chess clock

1.2.2) Artisans and materials

駒師	komashi	master woodworker
駒銘	komamei	signature of artisan (at the side of the king)
書家	shoka	calligrapher
材	-zai -wood
本つげ	hontsuge	real Japanese boxwood
さつまつげ	Satsuma tsuge	Satsuma boxwood
みくら島つげ	Mikurajima tsuge	boxwood from Mikurajima (a very small island 200 km south of Tokyo)
かや	kaya	kaya (Torreya nucifera)
本場物	hombamono	the real thing (kaya from Miyazaki prefecture)
椿	tsubaki	camellia
銀杏	ichoo	gingko, maidenhair tree (Gingka bilboa)
桂	katsura	Japanese Judas tree (Cercidiphyllum Jap.)
けやき	keyaki	keyaki (Zelkova serrata)
桐	kiri	paulownia
桑	kuwa	mulberry
まさ(目)	masa(me)	straight grain
板目	itame	curved grain
赤まさ	akamasa	red grain
天地まさ	tenchimasa	Heaven-and-Earth grain
糸まさ	itosama	fine grain (smaller than 1mm)
虎ふ	torafu	tiger stripes (thick, wavy, reddish lines)
彫駒	horigoma	engraved pieces
彫まい駒	choomai-goma	pieces engraved and filled with lacquer
盛上	moriage	intaglio repeatedly filled with lacquer
バンタロ駒	bantarogoma	pieces on which the name is written with brush (inferior)

1.2.3) Script

書体	shotai	(style of) script
書せき	shoseki	handwriting (specimen)
錦旗	kinki	imperial standard
水無瀬	minase	minase
源平	genpei	genpei (genji and heike; (name black; promotion name red)
源兵衛清安	genbei kiyoyasu	genbei kiyoyasu
細字の清安	saiji no kiyoyasu	small character kiyoyasu
巻のりょう湖	maki no ryooko	maki no ryooko (famous calligrapher in latter Tokugawa days)
長ろく	chooroku	chooroku

1.3) The Shogi board

盤面、譜面	banmen, fumen	board (surface)
マス目	masume	square
地点	chiten	field, square
四天王	shitennoo	the four Heavenly Kings (the four dots on the Shogi board)
自陣	jijin	own camp
敵陣	tekijin	opponent`s camp
段	dan	rank (horizontal)
中段	chuudan	centre rank(s)
下段	gedan	back rank
一段目~九段目	ichidamme-kyuudamme	1st rank - 9th rank
筋	suji	file; diagonal
一筋~九筋	ichi suji-kyuu suji	1st file - 9th file
中央	chuuoo	centre
端	hashi	edge
スミ（隅）	sumi	corner
セっチン	setchin	corner square(s) (lit. watercloset)
飛（車）先	hi(sha)saki	rook file; rook pawn
角筋、角道	kakusuji, kakumichi	bishop`s diagonal

1.4) Pieces

王将、王	ooshoo, oo	king
玉将、玉	gyokushoo, gyoku	king (Jade General)
飛車、飛	hisha, hi	Rook (Flying Chariot)
角行、角	kakugyoo, kaku	Bishop (Horned Chariot)
金将、金	kinshoo, kin	Gold (Gold General)
銀将、銀	ginshoo, gin	Silver (Silver General)
桂馬、桂	keima, kei	Knight (Laurel Horse)
香車、香	kyoosha, kyoo	Lance (Fragrant Chariot)
歩兵、歩	fuhyoo, fu	Pawn (Foot soldier)
成~、ナリ~	nari-	promoted-
と金、と	tokin, to	tokin, promoted pawn
竜王、竜	ryuuoo, ryuu	Dragon (Dragon King), promoted rook
竜馬、馬	ryuume, uma	Horse (Dragon Horse), promoted bishop
持駒、手駒	mochigoma, tegoma	pieces in hand
置駒、盤駒	okigoma, bangoma	pieces on the board
大駒	oogoma	major pieces (rook and bishop)
小駒	kogoma	minor pieces (all pieces except king, rook and bishop)
跳駒	tobigoma	long range pices (rook, bishop, knight, lance)
~枚	-mai	counter for pieces
~丁	-choo	counter for rooks

1.5) Games

局、対局	kyoku, taikyoku	game
お好み対局	o-konomi taikyoku	friendly game
指導対局	shidoo taikyoku	teaching game, simultaneous game
練習対局	renshuu taikyoku	practise game
戦、対戦	sen, taisen	game, fight; match
相手、敵	aite, teki	opponent
振り駒	furigoma	toss (by throwing five pawns)
先手	sente	Black; sente, the initiative
後手	gote	White; gote, giving the initiative to the opponent
手番	teban	turn to play
平手戦	hiratesen	even game
駒落戦	koma'ochisen	handicap game
~落ち	-ochi	-handicap
二枚落ち	nimai ochi	two piece handicap
平香交落	hira-kyoo-majiriochi	alternating even game with lance handicap (obs.)
上手	uwate	handicap giver
下手	shitate	handicap taker

1.6) Victory and defeat

詰む	tsumu	mate (v.)
即詰み	sokuzumi	forced mate
千日手	sennichite	draw by repetition of moves
入玉	nyuugyoku	entering king
持将棋	jishoogi	impasse
勝つ	katsu	win
勝ち、勝利	kachi, shoori	victory
勝負	shoobu	victory or defeat, a game
勝負手	shoobute	an interesting move in a disadvantageous position on which one wagers the outcome of the game
勝敗	shoohai	victory or defeat, the issue (of the game)
必勝	hisshoo	sure win
完勝	kanshoo	complete victory
楽勝、快勝	rakushoo, kaishoo	easy, quick victory
連勝	renshoo	winning streak
勝率	shooritsu	winning percentage
勝機	shooki	opportunity to win
勝目（なし）	kachime (nashi)	(there are no) chances of winning
勝星	kachiboshi	winning mark (O in the table of results)
辛勝	shinshoo	narrow victory
優勝を飾る	yuushoo o kazaru	win the championship
勝因	shoo'in	cause of victory
負ける	makeru	loss, be defeated
負け	make	loss, defeat
反則負け	hansoku make	loss because of an illegal move
勿論負け	mochiron make	automatic loss (illegal move)
負かす	makasu	defeat (v)
敗（戦）	hai(sen)	defeat
敗北(-)	haiboku	defeat
敗着	haichaku	losing move
敗因	hai'in	cause of defeat
敗る	yaburu	defeat (vt)
形作り	katachizukuri	settling the shape, finding a place to resign
あきらめる	akirameru	give up; resign
投了(-)	tooryoo	resignation
投げ場	nageba	point of resigning
降伏(-)	koofuku	resignation
降る；降す	kudaru; kudasu	surrender; defeat (vi; vt)

1.7) Abbreviations in game scores

打	uchi	drops
成	nari	promotes
不成	narazu	does not promote
生	narazu	does not promote
上	agaru	moves up
引	hiku	draws back
左	hidari	from the left
右	migi	from the right
寄	yoru	moves sideways (horizontal)
直	sugu	moves straight (vertical)
入	hairu	enters the promotionzone
同	doo	takes (and moves to the square just mentioned)
合	au; ai	interposes any piece (only used in solutions of Tsume Shogi)

2) Tsume Shogi

2.1) Mate and brinkmate

詰む	tsumu	mate(v), be checkmated
詰み	tsumi	mate(n)
詰み上がり	tsumi-agari	checkmating
即詰み	sokuzumi	forced mate
打歩詰み	uchifuzumi	mate with pawn drop (illegal)
突歩詰み	tsukifuzumi	mate with pawn push
詰ます	tsumasu	mate (v)
詰めろ（詰めよ）	tsumero (tsume yo)	threatmate
詰めろをかける	tsumero o kakeru	threaten mate
詰め	tsume	tsume, mating problem
詰手、着手	tsumete, chakushu	the first checking move
不詰	fuzume, tsumazu	(there is) no mate
必死	hisshi	brinkmate, hisshi
必死がかかる	hisshi ga kakeru	set up a brinkmate
死ぬ	shinu	die
トン死	tonshi	sudden death
残る	nokoru	remain, be spared

2.2) Tsume Shogi

詰将棋	tsume shoogi	Tsume Shogi, checkmate problems
指将棋	sashi shoogi	game Shogi (as opposite of Tsume Shogi)
趣向詰将棋	shukoo tsume shoogi	mate compositions (with additional restrictions or special devices)
大道詰将棋	daidoo tsume shoogi	Street Tsume Shogi (e.g. in popular city districts)
実戦型詰	jissenkei tsume	actual game type problem
構想型詰	koosookei tsume	ideal type problem (opp. of actual game type)
詰物、図式	tsumemono, zushiki	checkmate problem
作物	tsukurimono	checkmate problem
古典図式	koten zushiki	classic problem
古作物	kosakubutsu	ancient problem (usually without known author)
作者	sakusha	maker, author
作品、創作	sakuhin, soosaku	work, product, creation
完全作	kanzensaku	complete (indefective) problem
不完全作	fukanzensaku	defective problem
盗作	toosaku	stolen problem, plagiarism
類似作	ruijisaku	similar problem (strongly resembling an existing problem)
作意	sakui	the intended mating sequence
問、問題	mon, mondai	problem
候補手	koohote	candidate moves
解答	kaitoo	answer, solution
正解	seikai	correct solution
解説	kaisetsu	explanation
詰上り図	tsumi-agarizu	mate diagram
玉方、受方	gyokugate, ukekata	the king's side, defending side
攻方	semekata	the attacking side
初形	shokei	original position
駒配り	komakubari	startposition of the pieces
置駒、盤駒	okigoma, bangoma	pieces on the board
持駒、手駒	mochigoma, tegoma	pieces in hand
飾り駒	kazarigoma	embellishing pieces (without function in the mating sequence)
手数	tesuu	number of moves
手一枚	te-ippai	using all pieces in hand
手余り	te-amari	still having pieces in hand (after mating)
駒余り	koma-amari	id.
伏線手	fukusenshu	preparation move
即詰め、追い詰め	sokuzume, oizume	straight and (too) simple mate (problem)
本詰、本手順	honzume, hontejun	the proper mating sequence
別詰	betsuzume	different mate
余詰	yozume	additional mate (defective problem)
早詰	hayazume	earlier mate (flawed problem or wrong solution)
変化	henka	variation
変化長手数	henka chootesuu	longer variation (mate delayed by interposing pieces, but actual mate is the same)
変更	henkoo	variation (alternative first move; should not result in mate)

2.3) Mate compositions

2.3.1) Compositions

曲詰	kyokuzume	mate composition
盤面曲詰	bammen kyokuzume	Board Composition (problem diagr. shows a character, figure or letter)
アブリ出し曲詰	aburidashi kyokuzume	Invisible Ink Composition (mating diagr. shows a figure or letter)
立体詰	rittaizume	Three dimensional Tsume (both bammen en aburidashi kyokuzume {rare})
裸玉	ragyoku, hadakagyoku	Naked King (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 98)
還元玉	kangengyoku	Original Position King (king is mated on his original square)
煙詰	kemurizume	Smoke Tsume (problem shows 39 p. on the board; solution shows only 3 p.) (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 99) (very rare)
駒一揃い詰	komahitosoroizume	One of Each (problem shown one of each of the p., attacking side has no pieces in hand)
都詰	miyakozume	Mate in the Capital (5e)
たすき詰	tasukizume	X Tsume (mating diagr. shows X-shape; tasuki, a cord used for tucking up kimono sleeves)
豆腐図式	toofu zushiki	Tofu Problem (problem diagr. shows only king, pawns and tokins)
飛角図式	hikaku zushiki	Rook and Bishop Problem
小駒図式	kogoma zushiki	Minor Pieces Problem
金銀図式	kingin zushiki	Gold and Silver Problem
貧乏図式	bimboo zushiki	Poor Man`s Problem (without any gold or silver)
無防備図式	muboobi zushiki	No Defence Problem (problem diagr. shows only king and p. of the attacking side)
無仕掛図式	mushikake zushiki	No Foothold Problem (attacking side has no pieces on the board; extreme version is the Naked King)
無掛図式	mugakari zushiki	id.
石垣図式	ishigaki zushiki	Stone Wall Problem (king completely walled in in the mating diagr.)
陣型図式	jinkei zushiki	Original Formation Problem (all White's p. on the first rank occupy the same position as at the start of a game) (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 97) (very rare)
完全実戦初形	kanzen jissen shokei	Complete Original Formation Problem (all White's p. occupy the same position as at the start of a game) (first example by Naito Kunio) (extremely rare)

2.3.2) Special techniques

剥し	hagashi	rip off (the device of over and again taking away pieces around the king at the same squares)
連取り	rentori	successively taking pieces with rook or bishop (at different squares)
持駒変換	mochigoma-henkan	exchanging pieces in hand for pieces on the board
馬ノコ（鋸）	uma-noko(giri)	Horse Saw (moving zig-zag in order to take a piece at the other side of the board, while continuing to give check)
竜追い	ryuu-oi	Dragon Chase (hunting the king all over the board with the dragon)

2.3.3) Classics

三代伊藤宗看	Sandai Itoo Sookan	Ito Sokan III (7th Meijin) (1706-1761)
伊藤看寿	Itoo Kanju	Ito Kanju (posth. Meijin) (1719-1760), younger brother of Ito Sokan III
将棋無双	Shoogi Musoo	Unparalleled Shogi Problems (Ito Sokan III's classical masterpiece, in 1735 offered to the shogun as Shoogi Tsukurimono, Shogi Problems)
詰むや詰まざるや	Tsumu ya tsumazaru ya	Mate or No Mate? (alternative, popular title of Shoogi Musoo)
将棋図巧	Shoogi Zukoo	Ingenious Shogi Problems (Ito Kanju`s genial masterpiece in 1756 offered to the shogun as Shoogi Zushiki, Shogi Problems)
寿	Kotobuki	Long Life (Z.K. 100, a 611 move tsume, made by Kanju when he was 13 years old; not surpassed until 1955)

3) Moves and movements

3.1) Moves

手	te	move; tempo
一手	itte	a move; the only move; one tempo
一手の一手	itte no itte	move-by-move (endgame)
次の一手	tsugi no itte	the next move; next move problem
狙いの一手	nerai no itte	the intended move
三手一組	san-te hitokumi	a three move combination
一手スキ	itte suki	one move (tempo) breathing space (endgame)
手番	teban	turn to play
手数	tesuu	number of moves
手応、応手	tegotae, ooshu	answer
手順	tejun	sequence of moves
手順前後	tejun zengo	reverse order of moves (usually wrong)
手筋、筋	tesuji, suji	tactics, tactical move, (standard) combination
手抜き	tenuki	move elsewhere
手作り	tezukuri	creating moves
手詰まり	tezumari	Zugzwang, being short of moves
手拍子	tebyooshi	reflex moves
手待ち	temachi	waiting move
手勝ち	tekachi	winning by one move (tempo), winning the semeai
手得	tedoku	gain of tempo
手損	tezon	loss of tempo
手遅れ	teokure	lagging a move behind
初手	shote	first move
禁手	kinte	illegal move
封じ手	fuujite	sealed move
防手	booshu	defence move
攻手	kooshu	attacking move
王手	oote	check
開き王手	aki-oote	discovered check
王手飛車	ootebisha	fork on king and rook
準王手飛車	jun-ootebisha	indirect fork on king and rook (bishop pinning down the rook)
連続王手	renzoku oote	successive checks
両王手	ryoo-oote	double check
本手	honte	the proper move
勝負手	shoobute	the game move (interesting move in a disadvantageous position on which one wagers the outcome of the game)
新手	shinshu	new move
常識手	jooshiki te	common sense move
しゃれた手	shareta te	stylish move
秘手	hishu	concealed, hidden move
絶対手	zettaishu	forced move
好手	kooshu	good move
悪手	akushu	bad move
大悪手	daiakushu	blunder
最善手	saizenshu	the best move
絶好の一手	kekkoo no itte	the best move
軽手	keishu	light move
強手	kyooshu	forcing move; strong move
巧手	kooshu	ingenious move
ハメ手	hamete	trick move, trap
鬼手	kishu	devilish move
妙手	myooshu	splendid, brilliant move
微妙手	bimyooshu	(very) subtle move
絶妙手	zetsumyooshu	absolutely brilliant move
奇手	kishu	strange (dubious) move; surprise move
疑問手	gimonte	dubious (bad) move
俗手	zoku-te	vulgar move
緩い手	yurui te	slack, weak move
着、一着	chaku, itchaku	(one) move
正着	seichaku	the correct move
敗着	haichaku	losing move
勝着	shoochaku	winning move

3.2) Movements

3.2.1) Simple movements and actions

指す	sasu	play; move
指し手、差し手	sashite	move (n)
指し回し	sashimawashi	playing (around), actions
指し方	sashikata	way of playing
指し過ぎ	sashisugi	overplay
指し切り	sashikiri	being out of moves
指し直す	sashinaosu	play a new game (after a sennichite)
指せる	saseru	have a satisfactory game (better than opponent)
動く	ugoku	move; come into action
動き	ugoki	move(ment); action
行動(-)	koodoo	movements, action
出動(-)	shutsudoo	mobilization, action
立つ	tatsu	set up, place
立ち直す	tachinaosu	reposition
据える	sueru	place
据えつける	suetsukeru	place, set up
かかる；かける	kakaru; kakeru	place, start, attack, move (vi; vt)
並ぶ	narabu	line up (the pieces at the beginning of a game)
居る	iru	remain, stay
行く	iku	go
来る	kuru	come
上がる；上げる	agaru; ageru	go up; take, bring up (vi; vt)
下がる；下げる	sagaru; sageru	go down; bring down (vi; vt)
下ろす	orosu	bring, pull down
落ちる；落とす	ochiru; otosu	come down; bring down (vi; vt)
寄る	yoru	move sideways; approach the king, bring the king near mate
出る；出す	deru; dasu	go out; send out (vi; vt)
入る；入れる	hairu; ireru	go in, enter; send, put in (vi; vt)
~出す	-dasu	(verb)-out
~込む	-komu	(verb)-in
進む	susumu	advance, develop
引く	hiku	retreat, pull back
戻る；戻す	modoru; modosu	return (vi; vt)
引き戻す	hikimodosu	return to
退く	hiku; shirizoku	retreat
退出する	taishutsu suru	retreat
後退する	kootai suru	retreat
近づく	chikazuku	approach, come closer
近づける	chikazukeru	let (make) approach
遠ざかる	toozakaru	stay at a distance, stay away from
遠ざける	toozakeru	keep (put) at a distance
へこます（凹ます）	hekomasu	dent, make hollow
詰まる；詰める	tsumaru; tsumeru	become shorter; shorten (the edge by pushing the pawn to the 6th rank) (vi; vt)
盛り上げる	moriageru	build up (high)
釣り上げる	tsuri-ageru	draw up, hook up
吊り出す	tsuri-dasu	entice out, lure out
引っ張る	hipparu	draw, pull
引っ張り出す	hippari-dasu	draw, pull out (into)
抜く	nuku	pull out; move elsewhere (also: take, capture)
抜け出る	nuke-deru	come out (of)
追う	ou	chase, follow, pursue
追い出す；追いやる	oidasu; oiyaru	chase off
逃げる	nigeru	run away, escape
逃れる	nogareru	escape
向う	mukau	confront, oppose
合わせる	awaseru	oppose (drop a pawn right in front of opponent's pawn)
中合する	chuuai suru	interpose, block
止める	tomeru	stop, block
通す	toosu	let pass, pass through; open
通じる	tsuujiru	pass, be opened
ぶつかる；ぶつける	butsukaru; butsukeru	collide (oppose a piece with the same kind of piece) (vi; vt)
包む	tsutsumu	surround
包囲する	hooi suru	encircle, siege
しばる	shibaru	squeeze, restrict
はさむ	hasamu	pincer, attack from two sides
釘付けにする	kugizuke ni suru	pin down, tie down
釘を打つ	kugi o utsu	pin down (lit. pound in a nail)
クサビを打ち込む	kusabi o utchikomu	drive in a wedge
移る；移す	utsuru; utsusu	shift, transfer (vi; vt)
移行する	ikoo suru	switch over (to)
転じる；転ずる	tenjiru; tenzuru	turn (around), be transferred
転換する	tenkan suru	convert, switch, transpose
転用する	tenyoo suru	convert

3.2.2) Drops and promotion


打つ	utsu	drop
打ち	uchi	drop (n)
打ち据える	uchisueru	drop
打ち込む	uchikomu	drop inside the promotion zone, invade
一打	ichida	a blow, a drop
連打	renda	successive drops
痛打	tsuuda	painful blow, drop
割打ち	wari-uchi	stab-in-the-back (silver drop forking two pieces from behind)
重ね打ち	kasane-uchi	drop-on-top (e.g. a lance drop above the lance on the board)
手放す	tebanasu	let go, drop (also: give away a piece)
投入する	toonyuu suru	throw into, drop
成る	naru	promote
成り	nari	promotion; promoted-
不成り	funari-	unpromoted-
カラ成り（空成り）	karanari	empty promotion (not capturing a piece)
成り込む	nari-komu	enter and promote

3.2.3) Single pieces


玉を囲う	gyoku o kakou	castle the king
玉と入城する	gyoku to nyuujoo suru	bring the king inside the castle
突く	tsuku	push (pawn) (also: thrust, attack)
突き込む	tsuki-komu	push and enter (the promotionzone)
突き越す	tsuki-kosu	push on
突き合う	tsuki-au	push (pawns) mutually (on the same file)
突き違い	tsuki-chigai	counterpush (on another file)
突き捨てる	tsuki-suteru	push and sacrifice
突っ切り	tsukkiri	(pawn) sacrifice push
伸す；延ばす	nobasu	extend (with pawn push)
伸び過ぎる	nobisugiru	overextend
タタク（叩く）	tataku	strike (drop a pawn right in front of an enemy piece)
タラす（垂らす）	tarasu	dangle (drop a pawn before the target field, threatening promotion next)
繰り出す	kuridasu	send out (a general)
飛ぶ	tobu	fly, rush (rook)
跳ぶ	tobu	jump (knight)
跳ねる	haneru	jump (knight)
ハネ	hane	knight move
走る	hashiru	rush (forwards) (rook, lance)
回る（廻る）；回す	mawaru; mawasu	turn (sidewards, around) (rook)
ひねる	hineru	twist, switch over (to the other side) (rook)
振る	furu	range (to and fro, on the same rank) (rook)
のぞく	nozoku	peep (bishop)

3.2.4) Capture, exchange and sacrifices


取る	toru	(threaten to) take (also: take up a position)
~取り	-tori	threat to capture-, fork
両取り	ryootori	fork
タダで取る	tada de toru	simply capture (and gain a piece)
取り合い	toriai	exchange, mutual capture
取り込む	torikomu	take and approach, take and enter
取り返す	torikaesu	take back
討ち取る	uchitoru	take
掠め取る	kasumetoru	take away, pocket
入手する	nyuushu suru	get in hand
払う	harau	wipe off
剥す	hagasu	tear off
はずす	hazusu	take off
捕まえる	tsukamaeru	capture
捕獲する	hokaku suru	capture
抜く	nuku	take
素抜ける	sunukeru	can take simply (without any loss)
素抜き	sunuki	pure, clean profit
排除する	haijo suru	remove
清算(-)	seisan	liquidation, cleaning up
どける	dokeru	remove (obstacle), get (obstacle) out of the way
換わる；換える	kawaru; kaeru	exchange (pieces or moves) (vi; vt)
換わり	kawari	exchange (n)
~換え	-kae (gae)	exchange of-
二枚換え	nimaigae	two-for-one, exchanging one (major) piece for two (minor) pieces
交換(-)	kookan	exchange (n)
替える、代える	kaeru	exchange; change; substitute
捨てる	suteru	sacrifice
見捨てる	mi-suteru	abandon, forsake
渡す	watasu	hand over (pieces or the initiative)
ギセイ（犠牲）にする	gisei ni suru	make a sacrifice
犠打	gida	sacrifice drop
切る	kiru	sacrifice, exchange, get (own piece) out of the way (usually: sacrifice the exchange, i.e. exchange a major piece for a minor piece)
見切る	mi-kiru	abandon
角切る	kakukiri	exchanging the bishop for a minor piece
飛切り	hikiri	exchanging the rook for a minor piece
浮く	uku	float, stand loose
浮き駒	ukigoma	loose piece, floating piece
離れる	hanareru	seperate, get loose
離れ駒	hanaregoma	loose piece
質駒	shichigoma	hostage piece (to be captured any time)
当たる；当てる	ataru; ateru	threaten to take (vi; vt)
当たり	atari	threat to capture
かわす	kawasu	dodge
ヒモ（紐）をつける	himo o tsukeru	protect, defend (a piece)
代償	daishoo	compensation
駒割	komawari	balance of material

4) Strategy and tactics

4.1) General terms


戦	sen	fight; game; match
戦う	tatakau	fight (v)
戦い、闘い	tatakai	fight (n)
実戦	jissen	actual game
感想戦	kansoosen	post mortem
急戦	kyuusen	quick attack, early fight
持久戦	jikyuusen	slow game
決戦	kessen	decisive fight
苦戦	kusen	hard, difficult game
難戦	nansen	difficult game
乱戦	ransen	wild, rough game
大混戦	taikonsen	chaotic battle
大熱戦	oo-atsusen	fierce, heated fight
戦法	sempoo	opening (strategy)
作戦、策戦	sakusen	strategy
作戦勝ち	sakusenkachi	strategical victory
作戦負け	sakusenmake	strategical loss
陽動作戦	yoodoosakusen	feint strategy
戦略	senryaku	strategy (plan)
戦術	senjutsu	strategy (art)
高等戦術	kootoo-senjutsu	higher strategy
戦端	sentan	hostilities
戦端を開く	sentan o hiraku	start hostilities
戦線	sensen	front, battle line
戦線を広げる	sensen o hirogeru	broaden the front
戦場	senjou	place of the fight, front
狙う、目指す	nerau, mezasu	aim at
狙い筋	neraisuji	the move or tesuji one aimed at, the intended move
目的、的	mokuteki, mato	aim, object
目標	mokuhyoo	target
仕方、方法	shikata. hoohoo	method, way
攻め方	semekata	the way to attack
受け方	ukekata	the way to defend
手段	shudan	means, measures, way
常套手段	jootooshudan	common means, old trick
策(-)	saku	plan, stratagem
対策	taisaku	counter-plan
得策	tokusaku	profitable, wise plan
秘策	hissaku	secret plan
窮余の一策	kyuuyo no issaku	the last (desperate) resort
手順、順	tejun, jun	sequence (of moves)
手順前後	tejun-zengo	reverse order of moves (usually wrong)
順序	junjo	(right) order of moves
定跡	jooseki	standard (opening) sequence of moves
手筋、筋	tesuji, suji	tesuji, tactic, tactical move or sequence, petite combinasion
筋の良い	suji no yoi	tactically good
筋の悪い	suji no warui	tactically bad
本筋	honsuji	the proper move
無理筋	murisuji	unreasonable move
切れ筋	kiresuji	failed move, failed tactics
寄り筋	yorisuji	endgame tesuji (bringing the king near mate)
はまり筋	hamarisuji	trap
はめる	hameru	ensnare, trap
ハメテ	hamete	trap, trick move
ワナ（罠）にはまる	wana ni hamaru	walk into a trap
ワナにかける	wana ni kakeru	trap
術中	jutchuu	trap (n)
術中に陥る	jutchuu ni ochiiru	fall into a trap
落し穴	otoshiana	trap, pitfall
陥れる	otoshiireru	ensnare, fall into a trap
トリック	torikku	trick
エサ（餌）	esa	bait, lure(n)
エジキ（餌食）	ejiki	prey, victim
形	katachi	(good) shape; formation, position
好形、良い形	kookei, yoi katachi	good shape
悪形	akukei	bad shape
基本形	kihon katachi	basic position
凝り形	korikatachi	stiff, inflexible, overconcentrated shape
おかしい形	okashii katachi	funny (ridiculous) shape
寄り形	yorikatachi	near mate position
形作り	katachizukuri	settling the shape, finding a place to resign
厚み、厚味	atsumi	thickness (solid shape)
連絡(-)	renraku	connection (between pieces)
連絡の（ない）	renraku no (nai)	(un)connected
合作(-)	gassaku	cooperation
協力	kyooryoku	cooperation
味	aji	potential (for attack) (lit. flavour, taste)
味の良い	aji no yoi	having good aji
味消し	ajikeshi	elimiating aji
嫌味	iyami	unpleasant, nasty aji
イヤ（嫌）な味	iya na aji	unpleasant, nasty aji
タイミング	taimingu	timing
スピード	supiido	speed
速度	sokudo	speed
ペース	peesu	pace, upperhand. initiative
主導権	shudooken	initiative
主導権を握る	shudooken o nigiru	take hold of the initiative
逆先	gyakusen	winning back the initiative
バランス	baransu	balance (between Black and White, attack and defence, right side and left side etc.)
バランスを取る	baransu o toru	retain the balance
バランスを持つ	baransu o motsu	keep the balance
つり合い	tsuriai	balance
兼ね合い、均衡	kaneai, kinkoo	balance
技	waza	technique; art; skill
荒技	arawaza	wild, fierce technique
技術	gijutsu	art; technique; skill
妙技	myoogi	beautiful technique
特技	tokugi	special ability (of a piece)
芸当	geitoo	art; feat
コツ	kotsu	knack, special skill
調子	chooshi	manner, way, style, condition (also: condition of a player)
調子がいい	chooshi ga ii	in good style; with good prospects; in good condition
好調に	koochoo ni	favourably, smoothly

4.2) Systems and variations


~型	-kei (kata)	-formation, -line
~式	-shiki	-systems, -style
~流	-ryuu	-style, -school, way of-
流れ	nagare	flow
我流	garyuu	one's own way (depreciatory)
田舎流	inaka-ryuu	boorish style
自然流	shizenryuu	natural style (Nakahara Makoto`s style)
手将棋	te-shoogi	free Shogi (avoiding established joseki patterns)
力将棋	chikara shoogi	power Shogi
マネ将棋	mane shoogi	mirror Shogi
ヘボ将棋	hebo shoogi	crackpot Shogi (absolute beginner`s)
本譜、本局	hompu, honkyoku	the main line, the game
変化、変更	henka, henkoo	variation
変型	henkei	irregular formation
変調	henchoo	variation; irregularity
変わる；変える	kawaru; kaeru	change, play a variation (vi; vt)
ライン	rainu	line
システム	shisutemu	system
スタイル	sutairu	style
パターン	pataan	pattern
一本道	ippommichi	one straight way
一直線	itchokusen	one straight line
岐路	kiro	crossroads
岐れ道；分かれ道	wakaremichi	crossroads, branch, variation
分かれる	wakareru	divide (into)
分かれ目	wakareme	turning point

4.3) Opening strategies

4.3.1) Static rook

居飛車	ibisha	Static Rook
相懸り（戦法）	aigakari (sempoo)	Double Wing Attack (opening)
相掛り	aigakari	Double Wing Attack (opening)
(相)浮飛車	(ai)ukibisha	(Double) Floating Rook
(相)下段飛車	(ai)gedanbisha	(Double) Back Rank Rook
腰掛銀	koshikakegin	Reclining Silver
ガッチャン銀	gatchan gin	Clanging Silvers
駅馬車定跡	ekibisha jooseki	Stagecoach Joseki
凹凸型	oo-totsu-kei	Hump-Slump System
鎖鎌銀	kusarikama-gin	Sickle-and-chain Silver
筋違角	sujichigai-kaku	Wrong Diagonal Bishop
なまくら筋違角	namakura suji-chigai kaku	Blunt Wrong Diagonal Bishop
横歩取り	yokofudori	Side Pawn
変則横歩取り	hensoku yokofudori	Irregular Side Pawn
空中戦	kuuchuusen	Aereal Fight
縦歩取り	tatefudori	Rook on Pawn
純粋縦歩取り	junsui tatefudori	Pure Rook on Pawn
ネコの縦歩取り	neko no tatefudori	the Cat's Rook on Pawn
ひねり飛車	hineribisha	Twisting Rook
たこ金	takokin	Kite Gold (Masuda`s counter against the Twisting Rook)
棒銀	boogin	Climbing Silver
原始棒銀	genshi boogin	Primitive Climbing Silver
角換り	kakugawari	Bishop Exchange
地下鉄飛車	chikatetsubisha	Subway Rook (contra rightside king in Bishop Exchange)
袖飛車	sodebisha	Sleeve Rook
居飛車穴熊	ibisha anaguma	Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole
玉頭位取り	gyokutooguraidori	King`s Head Vanguard Pawn
5筋位取り	go-suji kuraidori	Central Vanguard Pawn
雁木	gangi	Snowroof
鷺宮定跡	saginomiya jooseki	Heron Palace Joseki
山田流	Yamada-ryuu	Yamada System

4.3.2) Ranging rook

振飛車	furibisha	Ranging Rook
中飛車	nakabisha	Central Rook
原始中飛車	genshi nakabisha	Primitive Central Rook
平目	hirame	Flatfish
風車	kazeguruma	Windmill
ツノ銀	tsunogin	Silver on the Horns
四間飛車	shikenbisha	Fourth File Rook
右四間飛車	migi shikenbisha	Right Side Fourth File Rook
三間飛車	sangenbisha	Third File Rook
石田流升田式	Ishida-ryuu Masuda-shiki	Masuda Style Ishida (System)
向飛車	mukaibisha	Opposing Rook
升田式向飛車	Masuda-shiki mukaibisha	Masuda Style Opposing Rook
相振飛車	aifuribisha	Double Ranging Rook
振飛車穴熊	furibisha anaguma	Ranging Rook Bear in the Hole

4.3.3) Yagura

矢倉（戦法）	yagura (sempoo)	Yagura (opening) (yagura, arrow depository)
急戦矢倉	kyuusen yagura	Quick Attack Yagura
矢倉腰掛銀	yagura koshikakegin	Yagura Reclining Silver
矢倉中飛車	yagura nakabisha	Yagura Central Rook
矢倉袖飛車	yagura sodebisha	Yagura Sleeve Rook
米長矢倉	Yonenaga yagura	Yonenaga Yagura
同型矢倉	dookei yagura	Symmetrical Yagura
雀刺し	suzumezashi	Spearing the Sparrow
飛先不突	hisaki-fuzuki	Not Pushing the Rook Pawn
カニカニ銀	kanikanigin	Crab Silver
二十八手組み	nijuuhattegumi	the 14-Move Set (a well-known joseki resulting in a symmetrical position)
四手角	yonte kaku	the 4-Move Bishop (7i-6h-5i-2f)

4.3.4) Surprise openings

奇襲	kishuu	surprise attack
鬼殺し	onikoroshi	Demon Killer
鬼殺し封じ	onikoroshi fuuji	Demon Killer Block
可章馬	kashooma	Demon Killer
女(流)殺しドッカン飛車	onna koroshi(joryuu koroshi)	Lady Killer Rushing Rook
角頭歩突き	kakutoo-fuzuki	Bishop`s Head Pawn Push
金開き	kin-hiraki	Spread-out Golds
珍玉	chin gyoku	Strange King
森安流棒玉穴熊	Moriyasu-ryuu boogyoku anaguma	Moriyasu Style Climbing King Bear in the Hole

4.4) Castles

4.4.1) Mino group


美濃囲い	minoo-gakoi	Mino castle
片美濃	kata-minoo	Incomplete Mino
銀美濃	gin-minoo	Silver Mino
金美濃	kin-minoo	Gold Mino
四枚美濃	yo(m)mai-minoo	Four Generals Mino
木村美濃	Kimura minoo	Kimura's Mino
チョンマゲ美濃	chommage minoo	Topknot Mino (usually the result of a feinting static rook)
銀冠	ginkanmuri	Silver Crown
高美濃	taka-minoo	High Mino
左美濃	hidari minoo	Left(side) Mino
逆美濃	gyaku minoo	Reverse Mino
天守閣美濃	tenshukaku minoo	Castle Tower Mino

4.4.2) Yagura group

矢倉囲い	yagura-gakoi	Yagura Castle
金矢倉	kin-yagura	Gold Yagura (Common Yagura)
銀矢倉	gin-yagura	Silver Yagura
片矢倉	kata-yagura	Incomplete Yagura
総矢倉	soo-yagura	Complete Yagura
流れ矢倉	nagare yagura	Flow Yagura
銀立ち矢倉	gintachi-yagura	High Silver Yagura
しゃがみ矢倉	shagami-yagura	Crouching Yagura

4.4.3) Other castles

舟囲い	funagakoi	Boat Castle
カニ囲い	kanigakoi	Crab Castle
箱入り娘	hakoiri musume	Daddy's Dearest (Well-protected Daughter)
銀雲雀	gin-hinari	Silver Skylark
雁木	gangi	Snowroof
菱囲い	hishi-gakoi	Lozenge Castle
穴熊	anaguma	Bear-in-the-Hole
原田流穴熊	Harada-ryuu anaguma	Harada Style Bear-in-the-Hole
銀冠穴熊	ginkanmuri anaguma	Silver Crown Bear-in-the-Hole
空中穴熊	kuuchuu anaguma	Air Castle (Bear-in-the-Air) (in the middle of the board, floating like)
二枚金	nimai-kin	Double-Gold
銀多伝	gintaden	Silver Tandem (a castle in 2-piece handicap)

4.5) Tesuji

タレ(垂れ)歩	tarefu (tesuji)	dangling pawn (tesuji) (drop one square before the target square in the promotionzone)
継ぎ歩	tsugifu	joining pawns
タタキ(叩き)歩	tataki no fu	striking pawn (drop)
連打の歩	renda no fu	successive (striking) pawn drops
合わせの歩	awase no fu	opposing pawn (drop)
成り捨ての歩	narisute no fu	pawn sacrfice promotion
突き捨ての歩	tsukisute no fu	sacrifice push
突き違うの歩	tsukichigai no fu	counter-push (on another file)
飛車止めの歩	hishadome no fu	rook block
中合いの歩	chuuai no fu	interposed pawn
焦点の歩	shooten no fu	focal point pawn (drop)
好型を崩す歩	kookei o kuzusu fu	pawn demolishing the good shape (e.g. shooten no fu)
銀バサミの歩	ginbasami no fu	silver-pincer pawn (push or drop)
高とびの桂	takatobi no kei	advanced (high jumping) knight
控えの桂	hikae no kei	knight (drop) towards the rear
つなぎ桂	tsunagi-kei	connected, linked knights
つぎ桂	tsugi-kei	joining knights
ハネ違い桂	hanechigai no kei	counter-jump (not taking the opponent's knight)
しばりの桂	shibari no kei	squeezing knight
手懸かりの桂	tegakari no kei	knight foothold
歩頭桂	futoo-kei	knight (sacrifice) at the head of the pawn (endgame)
金頭の桂	kintoo no kei	knight (sacrifice) at the head of the gold
重ねの香	kasane no kyoo	piled-up lances
歩の代りの香	fu no kawari no kyoo	lance exchange for a pawn
割打の銀	wariuchi no gin	stab-in-the-back (silver drop forking two pieces from behind)
桂先の銀	keisaki no gin	silver at the head of the knight
しばりの金	shibari no kin	squeezing gold
送りの金	okuri no kin	send-off gold
しかり(叱り)の金	shikari no kin	reproving gold (chasing off a major piece that gave check, thus gaining a tempo)
頭金	atama-kin	gold at the head (of the king, checkmating)
自陣角(馬)	jijin-kaku (uma)	bishop (horse) in the own camp
十字飛車	juujibisha	corssroads rook (forking two pieces horizontally and vertically)
離し飛車	hanashibisha	detached rook (drop) (coming closer and promoting on the next move) (endgame)
米長玉	Yonenaga gyoku	Yonenaga king (edge king)
焦点の捨て駒	shooten no sutegoma	sacrifice (drop) at the focal point
退路への捨て駒	tairo no sutegoma	sacrifice at the loophole (of the king) (endgame)
限界点の捨て駒	genkaiten no sutegoma	id.
穴ふさぎ	anafusagi	sealing off the loophole
逃げ場の先着	nigeba ni senchaku	arriving first at the loophole (by sacrificing a piece letting the opponent plug up the king's escape route)
詰めろを逃れの詰めろ	tsumero o nogare no tsumero	threatmate to escape threatmate
必死を逃れの必死	hisshi o nogare no hisshi	hisshi (brinkmate) to escape hisshi

5) Position and development

5.1) Position

5.1.1) Overall position

盤面全体	bammen zentai	the whole board
盤面全部	bammen zenbu	the whole board
上部	joubu	upper part
下部	kabu	lower part
中央	chuuoo	centre
左翼	sayoku	left flank
右翼	uyoku	right flank
自陣	jijin	own camp, formation
敵陣	tekijin	enemy camp, formation
方、方面	kata, hoomen	direction
方向	hookoo	direction, course
八方	happoo	all directions
そっぽ	soppo	wrong direction, out of play
周辺、辺り	shuuhen, atari	neighbourhood
からめて	karamete	from the rear, from behind
地帯	chitai	zone, region
危険地帯	kiken chitai	danger zone
安全地帯	anzen chitai	safety zone
大海	taikai, ooumi	the wide sea, the open board
~様	-- yoo	position, shape of --
王様	ooyoo	position of the king, the king's formation
模様	moyoo	pattern, structure, situation
様子	yoosu	situation, circumstance
様子を見る	yoosu o miru	sound out the situation, see how the opponent will react
~型	-- kei, -- kata	-- system, -- position
理想型	risookei	ideal shape
大局	taikyoku	total position
大局観	taikyokusan	whole-board perception
大勢	taisei	total position
局面、局勢	kyokumen, kyokusei	position
棋勢、形成	kisei, keisei	position
優勢	yuusei	better position, better prospects, advantage
劣勢	ressei	inferior position
勝勢	shoosei	won position
非勢	hisei	bad position
敗勢	haisei	lost position
陣容、陣立て	jinyoo, jindate	formation, position
布陣	fujin	formation, position
利く(効く)	kiku	act on, bear down on; work, be effective
利かす	kikasu	force, effectuate
利かし	kikashi	forcing move
横効き(横利き)	yokogiki	sideways effect, action (rook)
効き目	kikime	effectivity, acting on
ニラむ	niramu	bear down on (with bishop) (lit. stare at)
連絡(-)	renraku	connection (between pieces)
連絡がつく	renraku ga tsuku	connect
働く	hataraku	work, be active, be activated
遊ぶ	asobu	idle, be out of play
響く	hibiku	influence (v)
響き、影響	hibiki, eikyoo	influence (n)
威力	iryoku	power, might, influence
勢力	seiryoku	power, influence, force
勢力範囲	seiryoku han`i	sphere of influence
勢力争い	seiryoku arasoi	power struggle, fight for positional advantage
中央制圧	chuuoo-seiatsu	control of the centre
圧する	assuru	apply pressure, oppress, overwhelm
圧力	atsuryoku	pressure
圧迫(-)	appaku	pressure, coercion
重圧	juuatsu	heavy pressure
プレシャーを与える	pureshaa o ataeru	apply pressure

5.1.2) Single points

頭	-- too, atama	head of --
小ビン	kobin	ears (lit. side locks)
コメカミ	komekai	the temple
腹	hara	belly
脇(の下)	waki (no shita)	armpits
背中	senaka	back
玉頭	gyokutoo	head of the king
角頭	kakutoo	head of the bishop
玉のフトコロ	gyoku no futukoro	the king's bosom (free space around the king)
地点	chiten	point, square
拠点	kyoten	basis (for attack)
焦点	shooten	focal point (the point on which most pieces work)
位地、位置	ichi	position
基地	kichi	basis
ところ(所)	tokoro	place
場所	basho	place
急所	kyuusho	vital point
要所	yooshoo	important,strategical point
中住所	chuujuusho	central position (king at 5a or 5b/5i or 5h)
いき場	ikiba	place to go to
足場	ashiba	basis, foothold
攻め足	seme-ashi	foothold for the attack
天王山	Tennoozan	the Tenno Mountain; vantage point (usually 5e)
かなめ(要)	kaname	rivet (critical point)
美濃かなめ	Minoo-kaname	the rivet of the Mino (the gold on 6a)
穴	ana	hole
空間	kuukan	empty square(s), space
欠点	ketten	weakness
欠陥	kekkan	weakness, insufficiency
キズ(傷)	kizu	weakness, defect, flaw
スキ(隙)	suki	hole (weakness; loophole; a tempo breathing space)
間隙	kangeki	hole
弱点	jakuten	weak point
手薄	teusu	weakness
泣きどころ	nakidokoro	vulnerable point

5.1.3) Single pieces

合駒	aigoma	interposed piece
合わせ駒	awasegoma	opposing piece (pawn)
邪魔駒	jamagoma	obstacle, blocking piece
浮き駒	ukigoma	floating piece
離れ駒	hanaregoma	loose piece
孤立した駒	koritsu shita koma	isolated piece
ごとく駒	gotokugoma	isolated piece
質駒	shichigoma	pawned piece (can be taken anytime)
ナマ(生)駒	namagoma	raw piece (just standing somewhere without function)
遊び駒	asobigoma	idling, inactive piece
居玉	igyoku	sitting king, sitting duck
右玉	migigyoku	rightside king
裸玉	ragyoku (hadaka gyoku)	naked king
入玉	nyuugyoku	entering king
位	kurai	vanguard pawn (position)
位を張る	kurai o haru	take up a vanguard position
底歩	sokofu	anchor pawn
金底の歩	kinsoko no fu	pawn-anchored gold
歩切れ	fugire	out of pawns, no pawns in hand
壁金(銀)	kabekin (gin)	wall gold (silver)
棒銀(金)	boogin (kin)	climbing silver (gold)
早繰り銀	hayakurigin	rushing silver
歩越し銀	fukoshigin	silver in front of its pawns
単駒銀	tangomagin	lone silver
銀バサミ(挟み)	ginbasami	silver pincer
頭金	atamakin	gold at the head (of the king, checkmating)
マムシのと金	mamushi no tokin	viperous tokin, snake in the grass
居角	ikaku	static bishop
引角	hikaku	retreating bishop (B7i or B3a)
遠見の角	toomi no kaku	watchtower bishop

5.2) Development

5.2.1) Begin, middle, end

序盤	joban	opening
中盤	chuuban	middlegame
終盤	shuuban	end-game
開戦(-)	kaisen	start of the fight
終戦(-)	shuusen	end of the fight
仕掛ける	shikakeru	initiate a fight, start of the middle game
仕掛け	shikake	the first fight, start of the middle game
早仕掛け	hayashikake	early fight, early start of the middle game
寄せる	yoseru	approach the king
寄せ切る	yosekiru	finish off the king
寄せ	yose	getting access to the king, bringing the king near mate, (late) endgame
寄せ合い	yoseai	mate race
道程	dootei, michinori	process, path
始める	hajimeru	begin
着手(-)	chakushu	start (n)
開始(-)	kaishi	start, begin
継ぐ	tsugu	follow
続く；続ける	tsuzuku; tsuzukeru	continue (vi; vt)
継続(-)	keizoku	continuation
連続	renzoku	succession, series
次の、後続の	tsugi no, koozoku no	following, next
終る	owaru	end
終了(-)	shuuryoo	end
終始	shuushi	from start to end; beginning and end
済む	sumu	end; do without, avoid
済ます	sumasu	finish up, settle; make do
止まる；止める	tomaru, tomeru	stop (vi; vt)
打ち切る	uchikiru	end, close, discontinue
収束する	shuusoku suru	tie up (the game)

5.2.2) Developments

進む；進める	susumu; susumeru	advance, progress; develop (vi; vt)
進行、進歩(-)	shinkoo, shimpo	advance
進出	shinshutsu	advance, expansion
進展	shinten	development
退く	hiku, shirizoku	retreat
退ける	shirizokeru	drive away
退治する	taiji suru	subjugate, control, exterminate
後退(-)	kootai	retreat
展開にする	tenkai ni suru	develop
展開になる	tenkai ni naru	be developed
組む	kumu	build, arrange
組上がる	kumi-agaru	build up, develop (vi)
組み立てる	kumi-tateru	build up, erect
組み直す	kumi-naosu	rearrange, reposition
組み合わせる	kumi-awaseru	combine, dovetail, join together
築く	kizuku	build
構える	kamaeru	build up
盛り上げる	mori-ageru	build up (high) (vt)
囲う	kakou	enclose, castle
捌く	sabaku	achieve sabaki, develop, dispose of, disentangle
捌き	sabaki	sabaki, development, disposing of pieces (by exchanging them getting them in hand)
押える(抑える)	osaeru	restrain, contain, hold down, constrain (opposite of sabaku)
押え込む	osae-komu	restrain, suppress
押し込む	oshikomu	restrain, shut up in, push down in
事前工作	jizen koosaku	preparations
前提工作	zentei koosaku	preparations
整う；整える	totonou; totonoeru	be prepared, be arranged; prepare, arrange, settle (vi; vt)
用意する	yooi suru	prepare, take care
不用意な	fuyooi na	unprepared, uncareful
満を持する	man o jissuru	watch for an opportunity, be in full readiness
運び	hakobi	arrangements, paving the way, progress
完成する	kansei suru	(make) complete
完了する	kanryoo suru	(make) complete
充実する	juujitsu suru	(make) complete
生きてくる	ikite kuru	come to live, become effective, be activated
活かす、生かす	ikasu	revive (e.g. aji)
活動する	katsudoo suru	activate, deploy
活用する	katsuyoo suru	activate, bring into play
活躍する	katsuyaku suru	activate, bring into play
消える；消す	kieru; kesu	disappear, go away; make disappear, neutralize (bad aji) (vi; vt)
広がる；広げる	hirogaru; hirogeru	extend, reach to; expand, widen (vi; vt)
狭まる；狭める	sebamaru; sebameru	become narrow; narrow down (vi; vt)
窮屈する	kyuukutsu suru	be cramped
窮する	kyuusuru	be cornered; suffer
伸ばす(延す)	nobasu	extend (e.g. the edge by a pawn push)
詰まる；詰める	tsumaru; tsumeru	be shortened; shorten (the edge file) (vi; vt)
強まる；強める	tsuyomaru; tsuyomeru	become stronger; strengthen (vi; vt)
弱まる；弱める	yowamaru; yowameru	become weaker; weaken, undermine (vi; vt)
弱る	yowaru	weaken
力を溜める	chikara o tameru	gather strength, assemble (more) force
補強する	hokyoo suru	strengthen
強化する	kyooka suru	strengthen
固める；堅める	katameru	strengthen, stabilize
確保する	kakuho suru	secure, maintain, ensure
整備する	seibi suru	consolidate
治まる	osamaru	become settled, fixed
まとめる	matomeru	settle, fix (e.g. the shape)
緩む	yurumu	be weak
薄れる	usureru	become thin, become weaker
集中する	shuuchuu suru	centralize, concentrate
制圧する	seiatsu suru	(bring under) control, suppress
間に合う	ma ni au	be in time
遅れる	okureru	be (too) late, be slow
遅らせる	okuraseru	defer, delay
保留する	horyuu suru	reserve, defer
待つ	matsu	wait
ユーヨ、ユウヨ	yuuyo	delay, postponement
ためらう	tamerau	hesitate
一息をつく	hito-iki o tsuku	take a pause
一段落	ichidan-raku	a pause
長びかせる	nagabikaseru	slow down, draw out
ぐずぐずできない	guzuguzu dekinai	one cannot be irresolute, one should not lose time
急ぐ、急す	isogu, sekasu	hurry, make haste
急がせる	isogaseru	hurry (somebody), press
焦せる	aseru	be in a hurry, be (too) eager for
迫まる	semaru	urge, push on, force
催促する	saisoku suru	press for, urge on, speed up
よどむ	yodomu	stagnate
立ち往生する	tachi-oojoo suru	come to a standstill
頓挫する	tonza suru	come to a deadlock
省く、省略する	habuku, shooryaku suru	omit
放る	hooru	leave (as it is)
放置する	hoochi suru	leave (standing as it is), ignore
無視する	mushi suru	ignore, disregard
だまる(黙る)	damaru	keep quiet, do nothing
控える	hikaeru	refrain from; hold back, wait
迎える	mukaeru	wellcome
誘う	sasou	invite, induce
誘い出す	sasoidasu	lure away, lure out
誘導する	yuudoo suru	induce, entice
許す	yurusu	permit, allow
拒否する	kyohi suru	refuse, reject
かわす	kawasu	dodge
避ける	sakeru, yokeru	avoid, evade
回避する	kaihi suru	avoid, dodge
忌避する	kihi suru	avoid, dodge
変わる；変える	kawaru; kaeru	change (vi; vt)
変更する	henkoo suru	change, modify, play a variation
代える	kaeru	exchange, substitute
改める；改まる	aratameru, aratamaru	correct, renew (vi; vt)
転じる	tenjiru	shift, be transferred, change
逆転	gyakuten	(sudden) reversal, turnover (of an advantageous position in a disadvantageous position by a mistake in the late middle-game or end-game)
逆用(-)	gyakuyoo suru	use against
ウッチャリ	utchari	reversal (at the last moment)
切り返し	kirigaeshi	switch back, rebound (n)
跳ね返る；~返す	hane-kaeru; hane-kaesu	rebound, spring back; kick back (vi; vt)
やぶえびになる	yabuebi ni naru	boomerang, rebound
シッペー返し(-)	shippeegaeshi	retaliation
~に対して	-- ni taishite	against --, in answer to
~に応じて	-- ni oojite	in reponse to
応じる；応える	oojiru, kotaeru	answer, respond
応対する	ootai suru	deal with, respond to
手応え	tegotae	answer, resistance

5.2.3) Opportunity and danger

試す；試みる	tamesu, kokoromiru	try
可能になる	kanoo ni naru	become impossible
不可能	fukanoo	impossible
必要、必然	hitsuyoo, hitsuzen	necessity
要る、要する	iru, yoosuru	need, be necessary
求める	motomeru	seek
尋ねる	tazuneru	seek, ask for
つかむ	tsukamu	grab, take hold of
つけこむ	tsukekomu	take advantage of
余裕	yoyuu	opportunity, scope, room
余裕を与える	yoyuu o ataeru	give (the opponent) the opportunity to
機、機会	ki, kikai	chance
待機する	taiki suru	wait for one's chance
好機に	kooki ni	at the right moment, when the opportunity arrives
チャンス	chansu	chance
チャンスを窺う	chance o ukagau	look for a chance
手がかり	tegakari	clue
糸口、アヤ	itoguchi, aya	clue
アヤを求める	aya o motomeru	look for a clue, seek complications
急務	kyuumu	urgent task, first priority
危険	kiken	danger
危機	kiki	crisis, emergency
綱渡り	tsunawatari	danger, tightrope walking
厄介(千万)	yakkai (semban)	(ten million) difficulties
難局	nankyoku	difficult, tough position (or: game)
窮地	kyuuchi	dilemma, predicament
面倒	mendoo	trouble
困難	konnan	trouble
困まる	komaru	have trouble
煩う	wazurau	have trouble
迷惑	meiwaku	trouble
もつれ	motsure	tangle, difficulty
もつれる	motsureru	get tangled
うき目	ukime	misery, misfortune
うき目を見る	ukime o miru	have trouble

5.2.4) Success and failure

成否	seihi	success and/or failure
成功(-)	seikoo	success
成立(-)	seiritsu	realization
成り立つ	naritatsu	realize
功績	kooseki	success, merit, achievement
実る	minoru	bear fruit, be successful
実現(-)	jitsugen	realization
達する	tassuru	attain, realize; be experienced
達成する	tassei suru	achieve, attain
奏功(-)	sookoo	success, fruition
見つかる；見つける	mitsukaru; mitsukeru	be found, discovered; find, discover (vi; vt)
見出す	midasu	discover, find out
見当る	mi-ataru	notice, be found
見逃す	minogasu	overlook, let pass
見損なう	misokonau	miss, misjudge
見落す	mi-otosu	miss, overlook
発見(-)	hakken	discovery
発揮(-)	hakki	realization
不発	fuhatsu	misfire
逃す	nogasu, nigasu	miss; let escape
逸する	issuru	miss
逸機	ikki	missed chance, missed opportunity
手落ち	te'ochi	oversight
盲点	mooten	blind spot
ミス	misu	a miss, oversight, failure
ミソ	miso	a mess, failure (also: the point)
失敗	shippai	mistake
ポカ	poka	blunder (cock-up)
破綻	hatan	failure
挫折(-)	zasetsu	failure, collapse, set-back
災い	wazawai	calamity, disaster
自滅	jimetsu	suicide
間違える	machigaeru	make a mistake
誤る	ayamaru	err, mistake
仕損う	shisokonau	blunder (v)
誤算(-)	gosan	miscalculation
犯す	okasu	commit (a mistake)
咎める	togameru	punish (a mistake)
罪する	tsumi suru	punish
迷う	mayou	lose one's way, be at a loss
迷い	mayoi	delusion
目がくらむ	me ga kuramu	be blinded by
紛れる	magireru	distract, mislead, confuse
紛れ	magire	confusing move
錯覚	sakkaku	hallucination

6) Attack and defence

6.1) Attack

攻める	semeru	attack
攻め	seme	attack (n)
攻め口	semguchi	opening, clue for the attack
攻め足	semeashi	foothold for the attack
攻め合い	semeai	semeai, mutual attack, attacking race
攻防	kooboo	attack and defence
攻勢	koosei	the offensive, attacking formation
攻略	kooryaku	invasion, capture
先制攻撃	sensei-koogeki	first strike
速攻	sokukoo	quick, speedy attack
猛攻	mookoo	wild, furious attack
襲う	osou	attack
襲い掛かる	osoi-kakaru	rush on, swoop down on
奇襲	kishuu	surprise attack
強襲(-)	kyooshuu	assault, storming
逆襲	gyakushuu	counter attack
撃つ	utsu	attack, destroy
迎え撃つ	mukae-utsu	ambush, await and attack the approaching enemy
迎撃	geigeki	ambush
反撃、逆攻撃	hangeki, gyakukoo-geki	counter attack
突く	tsuku	attack, thrust (also: push a pawn)
突入する	totsunyuu suru	rush in, plunge into
突破(-)	toppa	breakthrough
衝突	shoototsu	clash, collision
激突	gekitotsu	clash, collision
激闘	gekitoo	hard fight
争う	arasou	contend, contest, compete
競争(-)	kyoosoo	competition, contest
競り合う	seri-au	compete, vie for, contend with
けんか(-)	kenka	fight, quarrel
挑む	idomu	challenge
挑戦する	choosen suru	challenge, provoke
いじめる	ijimeru	tease, bully
いびる	ibiru	tease
悩ます	nayamasu	trouble, annoy
見せる	miseru	threaten (to take a piece; to play)
威す、脅す	odosu	threaten
威し、脅し	odoshi	threat, bluff
威迫、威嚇	ihaku, ikaku	threat
脅い	kyooi	threat
脅かす	obiyaksu	threaten, force
強いる	shiiru	(en)force, press for
強要する	kyooyoo suru	enforce, coerce
迫まる	semaru	force, press for, enroach upon
害(-)、被害(-)	gai, higai	damage (n)
害う	sokonau	damage (v)
パンチ	panchi	punch, hit
ノックアウト	nokku-auto	knock-out
一発、一弾	ippatsu, ichidan	a shot, a charge
奪う	ubau	take away
奪回(-)	dakkai	recapture, recover
奪還(-)	dakkan	recapture, recover
打開する	dakai suru	break open
打ち込む	uchi komu	invade; drop inside the promotionzone
侵入する	shinnyuu suru	invade
閉め込む	shime komu	shut in
はさむ(挟む)	hasamu	pincer, attack from both sides
挟み撃ち	hasami-uchi	pincer attack
絞る	shiboru	squeeze
包む	tsutsumu	surround, encircle
追う、追いかける	ou, oi kakeru	chase, pursue
追い回す	oi mawasu	chase around
追い討ち	oi-uchi	pursuit, attack
追撃	tsuigeki	pursuit, attack
破る	yaburu	break, destroy; defeat
破壊力	hakairyoku	destructive power
打破(-)	daha	destruction
打ち破る	uchiyaburu	destroy
打ち砕く	uchikudaku	smash, crush
崩す	kuzusu	demolish
崩壊	hookai	collapse
潰す	tsubusu	crush
押し潰す	oshitsubusu	crush
こわれる；こわす	kowareru; kowasu	break, destroy (vi; vt)
乱す；乱る	midasu; midaru	put in disorder, tear apart
乱れる	midareru	be disorganized, be torn apart
乱暴	ramboo	violence
ごちゃごちゃする	gochagochasuru	make into a mess, jumble up
混乱	konran	chaos, confusion
腕力	wanryoku	brute force. muscle
暴れる	abareru	rage, rave
食いつく	kuitsuku	fasten one's teeth on
殺す	korosu	kill
殺到する	sattoo suru	rush in, storm, swoop down on
斬る	kiru	kill
小刻み	kokizami	mincing, choppping into little pieces
止めを刺す	todome o sasu	give the coup de grace, finish off

6.2) Defence

受ける	ukeru	defend; parry
受け	uke	defence
受けなし	uke nashi	there is no defence
先受	sakiuke	defence in advance
受け身の態勢	ukemi no taisei	defensive position
受け身になる	ukemi ni naru	be pushed into the defensive
受かる	ukaru	be able to defend
防ぐ、拒ぐ	fusegu	defend against, prevent, keep off
防御、防衛	boogyo, booei	defence, protection
守る	mamoru	defend, protect
守備	shubi	defence, protection
守勢	shusei	the defensive (position)
備える	sonaeru	prepare against
応戦する	oosen suru	accept the challenge
反応	hannoo	reaction
反する	hansuru	resist, go against
反発(-)	hampatsu	repulsion, resistance
反発力	hampatsuryoku	repulsive force
反対(-)	hantai	resistance
対抗(-)	taikoo	resistance
抵抗(-)	teikoo	resistance
対応策	taioosaku	counter-measures
助ける、援ける	tasukeru	help, support, save
一助	ichijo	a support
支える	sasaeru	support
支え切れない	sasaekirenai	cannot be saved
援軍を送る	engun o okuru	send support troops
止める	tomeru	block, shut off, stop
封じる	fuujiru	block, seal off
封じ込む	fuuji-komu	shut in, seal in
封鎖(-)	fuusa	blockade
完封(-)	kampuu	blockade
断る、断つ	kotowaru, tatsu	cut off; refuse, decline
断ち切る	tachikiru	cut off, block
遮る	saegiru	interrupt, block
遮断する	shadan suru	interrupt, block
支障	shishoo	obstacle
阻む	habamu	prevent, keep off
阻止する	shoshi suru	prevent, keep off
押し返す	oshi-kaesu	push back
押し戻す	oshi-modosu	push back
制する	seisuru	control, keep under control
牽制する	kensei suru	check, restrain, constrain
収拾する	shuushuu suru	control; save the situation
追う	ou	pursue, chase (away, off)
追い出す、追いやる	oi-dasu, oiyaru	chase off
避ける	yokeru, sakeru	prevent, avoid, dodge
回避(-)	kaihi	evasion, avoiding, dodging
かわす	kawasu	avoid, dodge
逃げる、逃れる	nigeru, nogareru	run away, escape
逃げ道	nigemichi	escape route
早逃げ	hayanige	early escape (of king)
退路	tairo	escape (retreat) route
免れる	manugareru	escape from, avoid
脱する	dassuru	escape, break free
脱け出す、抜け出す	nuke-dasu	escape, break free
脱け道	nukemichi	escape route, loophole
脱出(-)	dasshutsu	escape (n)
上部脱出	joobu dasshutsu	escape up the board
浴びる	abiru	be flooded with
食う、喫する	kuu, kissuru	get blows, have to swallow
凌ぐ	shinogu	endure, weather (the attack), tide over
いい凌ぎ	ii shinogi	good endurance, tiding it (the attack) over well
救出(-)	kyuushutsu	rescue, deliverance
救い出す	sukui-dasu	help, rescue
死ぬ	shinu	die (be captured)
起死回生	kishi kaisei	revival
残る；残す	nokoru; nokosu	remain, be spared; leave behind (vi; vt)
余される	amasareru	be saved, remain
粘る	nebaru	stick to, persist, keep putting up some resistance
頑張る	gambaru	do one's best, persist, do not resign (against all the odds)

7) Analysis

7.1) Common terms

紹介(-)	shookai	introduction
解説(-)	kaisetsu	explanation, commentary
説明(-)	setsumei	explanation, elucidation
分析(-)	bunseki	analysis
研究(-)	kenkyuu	investigation
検討(-)	kentoo	investigation, experiment
調べる	shiraberu	investigate
探る	saguru	investigate
掘り下げる	horisageru	dig out
理論	riron	theory
理解(-)	rikai	understanding
理由	riyuu	reason
棋理	kiri	Shogi theory
結論	ketsuron	conclusion
結果論	kekkaron	discussion about results; post-mortem
結果	kekka	result, effect
評価(-)	hyooka	evaluation
棋譜	kifu	game record
実戦譜	jissenfu	record of an actual game
本譜	hompu	this game, the game
会心譜	kaishimpu	favourite game
自戦記	jisenki	commentary of own game
観戦記	kansenki	commentary of other's game
読む	yomu	read; analysis, see ahead

7.2) Diagrams

図	zu	diagram
問題図	mondaizu	problem diagram
基本図	kihonzu	basic diagram
参考図	sankoozu	reference diagram
途中図	tochuuzu	intermediate diagram
再掲図	saikeizu	repeat diagram
投了図	tooryoozu	resign diagram
図までの指して	zu made o sashite	moves up to the diagram
図以下の指して	zu ikka no sashite	move from the diagram onwards
上下逆にした	jooge gyaku ni shita	with Black and White reversed

7.3) Comparison

比べる；較べる	kuraberu	compare
比する	hisuru	compare
比較(-)	hikaku	comparison
比較検討	hikaku-kentoo	comparitive analysis
区別(-)	kubetsu	difference
似る	niru	resemble
異なる	kotonaru	differ from; be wrong
違う	chigau	differ from; be wrong
同じの	onaji no	the same
別の	betsu no	other, different
ほかの(他の)	hoka no	other alternative
差	sa	difference
大差	taisa	big difference
微差	bisa	slight difference
優劣	yuuretsu	superiority and inferiority, better and/or worse
優る	masaru	be better
劣る	otoru	be worse
優勢	yuusei	better position
劣勢	ressei	worse position
有利	yuuri	advantage, profit
不利	furi	disadvantage
利点	riten	advantage
一利一害	ichiri-ichigai	advantages and disadvantages
プラス	purasu	plus point
マイナス	mainasu	minus point
互角	gokaku	equal, balanced
いい勝負	ii shoobu	a good game, equal chances
これからの将棋	kore kara no shoogi	equal position
得	toku	profit, gain (of material)
損	son	loss
丸得	marudoku	pure profit
丸損	maruzon	pure loss
得る	eru	get, gain
得する	tokusuru	profit, gain
得意の	tokui no	favourite
損ずる	sonzuru	loss
損う	sokonau	injure, spoil, miss (an opportunity)
失う	ushinau	lose
なくす	nakusu	lose, get rid of
保つ	tamotsu	keep

7.4) Evaluation

7.4.1) Positive

良い、いい	yoi, ii	good
大きい	ookii	big
うまい	umai	skillful, good
巧みな	takumi na	ingenious, smart
強い	tsuyoi	strong
有力な	yuuryoku na	powerful
有利な	yuuri na	profitable, advantageous
有効な	yuukoo na	effective
手際よい	tegiwa yoi	efficient
厳しい	kibishii	severe
激しい	hageshii	severe, violent
正しい	tadashii	correct, right
正当な	seitoo na	correct
適当な	tekitoo na	suitable, proper
至当な	shitoo na	suitable, reasonable
相当な	sootoo na	adequate, suitable
十分な、充分な	juubun na	sufficient
満足な	manzoku na	satisfactory, sufficient
大切な、大事な	taisetsu na, daiji na	important
肝心な	kanjin na	essential
肝要な	kanyoo na	necessary
必要な	hitsuyoo na	necessary
早い、速い	hayai	early, quick
軽い	karui	light
柔らかい、軟らかい	yawarakai	gentle, flexible
厚い	atsui	thick, solid
重厚な	juukoo na	thick, solid
太い	futoi	thick, massive
堅い、手固い	katai, tegatai	solid, strong
綺麗な	kirei na	nice, pretty
見事な	migoto na	beautiful
立派な	rippa na	excellent
素晴らしい	subarashii