Please find below an extensive list of Shogi Terms submitted by Reijer Grimbergen on 1 Feb 1993. Shogi Terms ----------- 1) General terms Shoogi o sasu = Playing Shogi Kishi = Shogi player (pro) Kiteki = Opponent Kifu = Game record Kiryoku = Shogi strength Shoshinsha = Beginner 2) Playing equipment and board Ban = Board Komadai = Stand for the pieces in hand Masume, chiten = Square Jijin = Own camp Tekijin = Opponent's camp Dan = Rank (horizontal) Suji = File, diagonal Chuuoo = Centre Hashi = Edge Ooshoo = King Hisha = Rook Kaku = Bishop Kin = Gold Gin = Silver Kei = Knight Kyoo = Lance Fu = Pawn Nari gin = Promoted silver Funari gin = Unpromoted silver Tokin = Promoted pawn Ryuu = Promoted rook (dragon) Uma = Promoted bishop (horse) Mochigoma = Pieces in hand Oogoma = Major pieces (rook & bishop) 3) The game Kyoku, Taikyoku = Game Sen, Taisen = Game, fight, match Aite, Teki = Opponent Furigoma = The tossing of (usually) five pawns to decide black and white. If the number of tokins is higher then the player who threw the pawns is white Sente = Black Gote = White Hiratesen = Even game Koma'ochisen = Handicap game Onegai shimasu = Ritual Japanese greeting at the start of the game Tsumu = Mate (v.) Tsumi = Mate (n.) Tsumero = Threatmate Sokuzumi = Forced mate Hisshi = Brinkmate (literally: certain death) Tonshi = Sudden death (used if the game is suddenly finished because one of the players overlooked a mating sequence) Sennichite = Draw by repetition of moves Jishoogi = Draw by impasse (mutual entering kings) Nyuugyoku = Entering king Katsu = Win Shoobute = An interesting move in a disadvantageous position to turn around the game Makeru = To lose, to be defeated Henka = Variation Te = Move Itte = The only move Itte itte = Move-by-move (one has to defend against every move until no defence is possible) Tsugi no itte = Next move problem Tejun = Sequence of moves Tesuji = Tactical combination of moves (middle game) Kooshu = Good move Akushu = Bad move Daiakushu = Blunder Kishu = Develish move Gimonte = Dubious move Utsu = Drop Uchi = Drop (n.) Byooyomi = The time for each move after the initial time limit is reached (in European tournaments usually 30 seconds per move) 4) Strategy and tactics Kyuusen = Quick attack Sakusen = Strategy Sakusenkachi = Strategical victory Sakusenmake = Strategical defeat Joseki = Standard opening sequence of moves Kookei = Good shape Akukei = Bad shape Aji = Potential (for attack, literally: flavour, taste) Tarefu = Dangling pawn (dropping a pawn one square before the target square in the promotion zone) Tsugifu = Joining pawns Tataki no fu = Striking pawn Kyokumen = Position Yuuri = Advantage, profit Yuusei = Better position Shoosei = Winning position Ressei = Worse position Gokaku = Equal, balanced Asobigoma = Idle piece Shooten = Focal point (the point on which most pieces work) Igyoku = Sitting king (sitting duck) Fugire = No pawns in hand Joban = Opening Chuuban = Middle game Shuuban = Endgame Shikake = The first fight, start of the middle game Yosekiru = To finish off the king Yoseai = Mating race Semeai = Mutual fight Tenkai = Development, move sequence Sabaki = Development of pieces that were not very effective Kooboo = Attack and defence Gyakuten = Reversal of the game (changing a won position in a lost position) 5) Opening systems and castles Ibisha = Static rook Aigakari = Double wing attack Koshikakegin = Reclining silver Yokofudori = Side pawn Hineribisha = Twisting rook Boogin = Climbing silver Kakugawari = Bishop exchange opening Anaguma = Bear-in-the-hole Furibisha = Ranging rook Nakabisha = Central rook Shikenbisha = Fourth file rook Sangenbisha = Third file rook Mukaibisha = Opposing rook Yagura = Yagura opening Kanikanigin = Crab silver opening Kishu = Surprise attack Migikyouku = Right side king opening Minoogakoi = Mino castle Funagakoi = Boat castle 6) Evaluation Kirei na = Nice, pretty Subarashii = Splendid Omoshiroi = Interesting Tanoshii = Pleasant Kantan na = Simple, easy Shizen = Natural Toozen = Natural Daijoobu na = Safe Anzen = Safe Warui = Bad Yowai = Weak Muzukashii = Difficult Kiken na = Dangerous 7) Professional Shogi Nihon Shoogi Renmei = Japanese Shogi Association Shooreikai = "School" for apprentice professionals Shoogi Sekai = Monthly magazine of the Shoogi Renmei Shoogi Nenkan = Shoogi yearbook Shukan Shoogi = Shoogi weekly magazine Kyuu = Kyuu grade (lower grade) Dan = Dan grade (higher grade) Junisen = Ranking class in which professionals are divided (there is a C2, C1, B2, B1 and A junisen; winner of the A-junisen becomes the challenger of the Meijin) Choosensha = Challenger 8) The major tournaments Meijin-sen (official tournament since 1937, but going back for centuries) Ryuuoo-sen (1988) Kisei-sen (1962) Ooi-sen (1960) Ooza-sen (1953) Oosho-sen (1950) Kioo-sen (1974)